When summer comes, I believe many people will want to go to the beach to surf, but please don’t underestimate the danger of solar radiation, which contains light, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays, and about 8% of solar radiation is ultraviolet. As the ozone layer thins, it also increases the amount of solar radiation and the risk of sunburn.
In this case, can obtaining vitamin D through the “artificial tanning” method of tanning bed, can avoid the damage of ultraviolet rays? This is actually a mystery. According to the Israeli Health Agency, the UVA (Ultraviolet radiation A) released by the tanning bed is even stronger than the sun, which not only makes the skin rough and increases wrinkles, but also may cause skin cancer. If skin cells continue to be damaged by sunburn, cell mutations and diseases can also occur. If there is a change in the shape or color of a mole on the skin, especially if it exceeds six millimeters in size, please consult a professional dermatologist .
The following lists three dangers of the sun in summer, reminding the public to do sun protection.
1. Dehydration
On hot days, our bodies sweat a lot, and if we don’t get enough water, we’re prone to fluid imbalances. In addition, patients with a history of complications from vomiting and diarrhea also had a higher chance of developing symptoms of dehydration. To be on the safe side, be prepared to rehydrate before exercising to ensure that the fluid lost by your body is properly replenished. Below are the three levels of dehydration, along with their corresponding symptoms and treatments.
- Mild dehydration: Losing more than 2% of body weight in water, thirst, flushing, nausea, rapid heartbeat, agitation, decreased physical function; drink slowly and in small sips.
- Moderate dehydration: Body loses 3-5% of body weight, dizziness, headache, nausea, vomiting, difficulty breathing, rapid heartbeat, severe weakness; intravenous fluids may be needed to rehydrate.
- Severe dehydration: The body loses more than 6% of body weight in water, and severe visual and auditory disturbances and hallucinations occur. Intravenous drips should be given and emergency department should be sent immediately.
2. Thermal damage
The damage caused by solar radiation is not just sunburn. It is a gradual process of destroying skin cells. Take sunburn as an example. Usually, symptoms will appear one by one after four to five hours of exposure to excessive ultraviolet rays. The five types of heat injury are as follows, and if you find a sunburn followed by a fever, please seek help from your doctor, and it may also be accompanied by severe pain and blisters.
- Heat exhaustion: This is the body’s response to the loss of water and sodium through profuse sweating, with symptoms such as thirst, profuse sweating, increased body temperature, headache, nausea, dizziness, decreased urination, weakness, and irritability.
- Heat cramps: When a lot of sweating causes the body to deplete water and sodium, it can cause muscle cramps. Pain in the arms, abdomen, and feet usually occurs in people who work hard and sweat a lot.
- Heat rash: Often caused by sweat getting stuck under clothes, causing sweat to block sweat ducts, causing itching of the skin, especially in hot and humid environments. Symptoms are clusters of papules and small blisters, usually on the neck, upper chest, under the breasts, elbow folds, and groin.
- Rhabdomyolysis: A condition caused by thermal injury and/or excessive physical training that can cause muscle rupture and even death. When muscle tissue breaks down, electrolytes and proteins are released into the blood vessels, causing arrhythmias and seizures, and damaging kidney function. Symptoms include: muscle cramps and pain, unusually dark urine (like tea or cola), physical weakness, decreased exercise tolerance, but some people don’t have any symptoms.
- Heat syncope: When a person stands for too long, or suddenly gets up from a sitting or lying position, there will also be a brief, mild sense of dizziness, which may be caused by maladaptation and dehydration.
- Heatstroke: This is the most serious heat injury and can be fatal, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), it can cause a rapid spike in body temperature, cause the sweating system to malfunction, and the body Unable to cool down, body temperature can exceed 40°C in 10-15 minutes. Symptoms to look out for are profuse sweating, hot and dry skin, extremely high body temperature, confusion, slurred speech, seizures, and loss of consciousness.
3. Skin cancer
In addition, long-term ultraviolet radiation may cause skin cancer, and the older you are, the higher the risk. After all, we are exposed to sunlight every day. The following three common skin cancers are listed to remind the public not to take it lightly.
- Basal cell carcinoma: Common on sunburned skin, may appear as black or pink bumps, and may appear on the beard in men. Although it usually doesn’t spread to other parts, it can still get bigger and darker, and early treatment is recommended.
- Squamous cell carcinoma: Can be caused by sun radiation, burns, or chronic skin ulcers. In rare cases, cancer cells spread to lymph nodes, or other organs. Depending on the situation, surgery may be required.
- Malignant melanoma: A rare but extremely dangerous skin cancer that can occur in the skin, moles, fetal moles, eyes, and may spread to the brain, lungs, liver, or other organs, and often runs in families. Early diagnosis of melanoma is important. The smaller the cancer cell, the less chance it will spread, and the best way is to remove it with surgery.
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Low blood pressure is more prone to heatstroke! Hydration, eating salty, muscle gain is important
